HJM, Vol. 46, No. 4, 2020

HOUSTON JOURNAL OF
MATHEMATICS

 Electronic Edition Vol. 46, No. 4, 2020

Editors:  D. Bao (San Francisco, SFSU), D. Blecher (Houston), B. G. Bodmann (Houston), H. Brezis (Paris and Rutgers), B.  Dacorogna (Lausanne), M. Dugas (Baylor), M. Gehrke (LIAFA, Paris7), C. Hagopian (Sacramento), R. M. Hardt (Rice), S. Harvey (Rice), A. Haynes (Houston), Y. Hattori (Matsue, Shimane), W. B. Johnson (College Station),  M. Rojas (College Station), Min Ru (Houston), S.W. Semmes (Rice), D. Werner (FU Berlin).
Managing Editors: B. G. Bodmann and K. Kaiser (Houston)

 Houston Journal of Mathematics



Contents

R. Raveendra Prathap Department of Mathematics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India (rasuraveendraprathap@gmail.com) and T. Tamizh Chelvam Department of Mathematics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India. ORCID:0000-0002-1878-7847 (tamche59@gmail.com).
Complement graph of the square graph of finite abelian groups, pp. 845–857
ABSTRACT. Let G be a finite abelian group. The square graph Γsq(G) of G is the simple undirected graph with vertex set G in which two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if x + y = 2t for some t G and 2t0 where 0 is the identity of the group G. In this paper, we discuss the diameter and the girth of the complement graph Γsq(G). We give a necessary and sufficient condition for Γsq(G) to be self-centered. Also, we obtain the independence number, the clique number and the chromatic number of Γsq(G) and hence we prove that Γsq(G) is weakly perfect. Also, we discuss when the complement graph Γsq(G) is perfect. Further, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for Γsq(G) to be vertex pancyclic.  

J. A. Nido Valencia Maestría en Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, San Lorenzo 290, Col. Del Valle, C.P. 03100, Mexico City, Mexico (antonio.nido@uacm.edu.mx), H. G. Salazar Pedroza Departamento de Ingeniería en Minas, Metalurgia y Geología, Universidad de Guanajuato, Ex Hacienda de San Matías S/N, Col. San Javier, C.P. 36020, Guanajuato, Gto., Mexico (hg.salazar@ugto.mx), and L. M. Villegas Silva Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa, Avenida San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P. 09340, Mexico City, Mexico (villegas63@gmail.com).
Compactness phenomena around the class of locally projective modules, pp. 859–895
ABSTRACT. In this paper we examine compactness phenomena in some classes of modules. We first demonstrate that a κ-projective module M is projective when the size κ of M is weakly compact. We introduce the class of κ-locally projective modules and prove that they have the compactness property for R when κ is a singular or a weakly compact cardinal and R is a PID. In the case when κ is singular, we show that Shelah’s Singular Compactness Theorem holds for these modules and also for torsionless modules. We show that for some non weakly compact cardinal κ, compactness does not hold for locally projective modules. Finally, we prove some compactness properties for U-torsionless modules, where U is a bimodule, for certain special classes of large cardinals κ.  

Qianyun Wang School of Mathematical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China (wangqy1226@gmail.com).
The closed range property for the -operator, pp. 897–914
ABSTRACT. In this paper, we study the closed range property for the -operator on the unit disc, the punctured disc, the annulus, and a special Stein domain. The necessary conditions for the closed range property of -operator are also given on these domains endowed with the Kähler metrics.  

Xiao-Min Li Department of Mathematics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, People’s Republic of China (lixiaomin@ouc.edu.cn), Cong-Cong Wu Department of Mathematics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266100, People’s Republic of China (wucongcong1233@163.com)., and Hong-Xun Yi Department of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, People’s Republic of China (hxyi@sdu.edu.cn).
Dirichlet series satisfying a Riemann type functional equation and sharing a set, pp. 915-933
ABSTRACT. In 2011, Li proved that if two L-functions L1 and L2 satisfy the same functional equation with a(1) = 1 and L11(cj) = L21(cj) for two finite distinct complex numbers c1 and c2, then L1 = L2. We prove that if two L-functions L1 and L2 satisfy the same functional equation with a(1) = 1 and EL1(S) = EL2(S) for a finite set S = {c1,c2}, where c1 and c2 are two finite distinct complex values, then L1 = L2.  

Xiu Ji Department of Mathematics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China (jixiu1106@163.com) and Tongzhu Li Department of Mathematics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China (litz@bit.edu.cn).
Conformal homogeneous spacelike hypersurfaces with two distinct principal curvatures in Lorentzian space forms, pp. 935–951
ABSTRACT. Let M1n+1(c) be an (n + 1)-dimensional Lorentzian space form and 𝒞(M1n+1(c)) denote the conformal transformation group of M1n+1(c). A spacelike hypersurface f : Mn M1n+1(c) is called a conformal homogeneous spacelike hypersurface, If there exists a subgroup G ⊂𝒞(M1n+1(c)) such that the orbit G(p) = f(Mn),p f(Mn). In this paper, we classify completely all conformal homogeneous spacelike hypersurfaces with two distinct principal curvatures under the conformal transformation group of M1n+1(c) when the dimension n 3.  

Abolfazl Mohajer Universität Mainz, Fachbereich 08, Institut für Mathematik, 55099 Mainz, Germany (mohajer@uni-mainz.de).
Shimura varieties and abelian covers of the line, pp. 953-972
ABSTRACT. We prove that under some conditions on the monodromy, families of abelian covers of the projective line do not give rise to (higher dimensional) Shimura subvarieties in Ag. This is achieved by a reduction to p argument. We also use another method based on monodromy computations to show that two dimensional subvarieties in the above locus are not special. In particular it is shown that such families have usually large monodromy groups. Together with our earlier results, the above mentioned results contribute to classifying the special families in the moduli space of abelian varieties and partially completes the work of several authors including the author’s previous work.  

Víctor Cañulef-Aguilar Facultad de Matemáticas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile (vacanulef@uc.cl) and Duvan Henao Facultad de Matemáticas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Macul, Santiago, Chile (dhenao@mat.puc.cl).
Hölder estimates for the Neumann problem in a domain with holes and a relation formula between the Dirichlet and Neumann problems, pp. 973–1004
ABSTRACT. In this paper we study the dependence of the Hölder estimates on the geometry of a domain with holes for the Neumann problem. For this, we study the Hölder regularity of the solutions to the Dirichlet and Neumann problems in the disk (and in the exterior of the disk), from which we get a relation between harmonic extensions and harmonic functions with prescribed Neumann condition on the boundary of the disk (for both interior and exterior problems). A novelty of this work is that we deal directly with the Hölder regularity of the single layer potentials of the Dirichlet and Neumann problems for the Poisson equation, something that most of the times seems to be avoided by studying the Newtonian potential.  

Mehmet Çeli  k Texas A&M University-Commerce, Department of Mathematics, Commerce, TX 75429, USA (mehmet.celik@tamuc.edu), Sönmez Şahutoğlu University of Toledo, Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Toledo, OH 43606, USA (sonmez.sahutoglu@utoledo.edu), and Emil J. Straube Texas A&M University, Department of Mathematics, College Station, TX 77843, USA (straube@math.tamu.edu).
Compactness of Hankel operators with continuous symbols on convex domains, pp. 1005-1016
ABSTRACT. Let Ω be a bounded convex domain in n, n 2, 1 q (n 1), and ϕ C(Ω). If the Hankel operator Hϕq1 on (0,q 1)–forms with symbol ϕ is compact, then ϕ is holomorphic along q–dimensional analytic (actually, affine) varieties in the boundary. We also prove a partial converse: if the boundary contains only ‘finitely many’ varieties, 1 q n, and ϕ C(Ω) is analytic along the ones of dimension q (or higher), then Hϕq1 is compact.  

Lorenzo Galeotti Amsterdam University College, Science Park 113, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands (l.galeotti@uva.nl), Aymane Hanafi Trinity College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TQ, England (ah859@alumni.cam.ac.uk), and Benedikt Löwe Fachbereich Mathematik, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany (loewe@math.uni-hamburg.de).
Relations between notions of gaplessness for non-Archimedean fields, pp. 1017–1031
ABSTRACT. In this paper, we are studying the relationship between notions of gaplessness for non-Archimedean ordered fields, in particular three generalised Bolzano-Weierstraß properties: the Sikorski property (which fails for saturated fields), the Keisler-Schmerl property, and the weak Bolzano-Weierstraß property introduced by Carl, Galeotti, and Löwe. We show that the weak Bolzano-Weierstraß property is “Bolzano-Weierstraß minus Cauchy completeness” and is equivalent the tree property of the base number of the field. We furthermore improve on a number of results by Carl, Galeotti, and Löwe.  

Daciberg L. Gonçalves Department of Mathematics - IME, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010, CEP: 05508-090 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil (dlgoncal@ime.usp.br), Thaís F. M. Monis São Paulo State University (Unesp) , IGCE - Department of Mathematics, Av. 24 A 1515, CEP: 13506-900 - Rio Claro - SP - Brazil (thais.monis@unesp.br), and Stanisław Spież Institute of Mathematics - Polish Academy of Sciences, IMPAN, ul. Śniadeckich 8, 00-656 - Warsaw - Poland (spiez@impan.pl).
Deficient and multiple points of maps into a manifold, pp. 1033–1052
ABSTRACT. The notion of Hopf’s absolute degree is classically defined for mappings between manifolds of the same dimension, even when they are not necessarily orientable. In this paper, we extend such notion for mappings from more general spaces into manifolds. Once we have stablished a version of Hopf’s absolute degree for certain maps f : X M, where M is a manifold but X need not be, we study the sets of deficient and multiple points of f. In case of the set of deficient points, we estimate its dimension. For multiple points, we study its density in X, and we also provide examples where its complement is dense.  

Dawei Wang Department of Mathematics, University of Utah, 155 S 1400 E, JWB 233, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 (Dawei.Wang@utah.edu).
On the capacity dimension of the boundary of CAT(0) spaces, pp. 1053–1074
ABSTRACT. In this paper, we study the capacity dimension of the boundary of CAT(0) spaces. We first compare the two metrics on the boundary of a hyperbolic CAT(0) space, i.e., the visual metric and the conical metric, and prove that they give the same capacity dimension of the boundary. Then we study the capacity dimension of the boundary of buildings, which is an important class of CAT(0) spaces. Finally, we give a possible method to prove the finiteness of the asymptotic dimension of CAT(0) spaces.